Improvement in automatic fire-extinguishers



J. W. BISHOP. Automatic Fire-Extinguisher. No.'22|,504.

Patented Nov. 11,.1879.

UNITED STATEs PATENT GFFTGE.

JOHN W. BISHOP, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOMATIC FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 221,504. dated November1.1, 1879; application fimd October 2, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. Brsnor, of New'Haven, in the county of NewHaven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Fire-Extinguishers, of which the following isa specification.

In the drawings, which I hereby make a part of this specification,Figure l is a vertical section of the fire-extinguisher and a fire-alarmarranged on the same conduit-pipe. Fig. 2 is a view of theupper andenlarged end of the distributer, showing the slots for the discharge ofwater. I

My invention relates to automatic fireextinguishers; and theimprovements consist in fastening the distributer to the end of theconduit-pipe by afnsiblematerial; in surrounding the distributer with ahollow cylinderhaving one of its ends covered with an inflammable cover;in anopeningin the upper part of the extinguisher for the removal of airin the upper end of conduit-pipe when theextinguisher is used inconnection with afire-alarm, and in novel combinations, as the above arehcreinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

To enable others to make and use my improveddistributer, I will describeits parts and their operation.

A, Fig.1, is a pipe having the enlargements a and b b, and is screwedinto the end, of the conduit-pipe and forms a part of the same. Thedistributer D is made in the form shown, its upper end being enlarged,and is screwed onto the nut E, and provided with the slots 0, (shown inFig. 2.) It also has the orifice B, into which the screw 0 is turned toclose it, and is fastened to the end of' the pipe A by fusible metal, asan alloy melting at a'low temperature is called.

The alloy may consist of lead, tin, bismuth, and cadmium in difierentproportions.

Instead of fusible'metal a cement suitable for holding pieces of metaltogether and melt= in g at a low temperature may be used.

The fusible material being melted, the distributer is held on theconduit-pipe by the nut G and enlargements a a and b b, and is free tomove on the pipe between these enlargements. The nut E is made in theform shown in the figure, and in two equal parts, and loosely fits onthe pipe A between the enlargements, and is free to move between them.The hollow cylinder F is screwed to the enlargement G on theconduit-pipe, and is provided with a number of holes to admit air, asindicated by y the omission of the lines representing cut surfaces. Theenlargement G has holes for the same purpose, which are indicated in thesame manner.

The cover H is made of inflammable mate rial, and may be satura ted withan inflammable substance to increase the heat as it burns and help tomelt the material fastening the distributer to the end of the pipe. Itrests on the hollow cylinder and has an orifice through which the screw0 passes.

The tire-alarm shown in the drawings, and readily understood from thesame, is introduced for the purpose of clearly showing the use andimportance of the orifice B in the extinguisher. By means of thisorifice and the pipe w, as shown, when an alarm and extinguisher arearranged on the same conduitpipe, the air is let out of the pipe betweenthe alarm and extinguisher and its place supplied with water, which,being non-elastic, prevents any disturbance of the alarm by the momentumof the water or water-hammer, as it is sometimes called, created by theclosing of a cock in any part of the conduit-pipe.

The parts of my extinguisher being described, its operation is readilyunderstood. The fusible material fastening the distributer to the end ofthe pipe being melted, the pressure of thewater forces the distributerupward until the nut E comes against the enlargement a, a, when theslots 6 are above the hollow cyl inderF, and the distributer rotates andthrows the water as directed by the slots.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the distributer D,

- constructed and arranged to throw water over a large space, of thehollow cylinder F, secured to the enlargement G on the conduit-pipe, andthe inflammable cover H, to cover and protect the distributer,substantially as shown and set forth.

2. The combination, with the conduit-pipe A, of the distributor D,constructed and arranged to throw water over a large space, fastened tothe end of the conduit-pipe by a material fusible at a low temperature,and, the material being fused, held on the pipe by the nut E andenlargement a a, substantially as shown and set forth.

3. The hollow cylinder F, secured to the enlargement G on theconduitpipe, in combination with the inflammable cover II, to cover andprotect the distributer, substantially as shown and set forth.

4. In an automatic fire-extinguisher, the distribnter D, constructed andarranged to throw Water over a large space, fastened to the end of theconduit-pipe by a material fusible at a low temperatnre,aml,the materialbeing fused,

held on the pipe by the nut E and enlargement a a, substantially asshown and. set forth. 5. In an automatic fire -extinguisher arranged onthe same conduit-pipe with a firealarm. the combination, with theorifice B, of the pipe at, to remove the air in the pipe between thealarm and extinguisher, and supply its place by water, to prevent, bythe non-elasticity of the water, any disturbance of the alarm by themomentum of the water on closin g a cock in any part of theconduit-pipe. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN W. BISHOP.

\Vitnesses GEORGE TERRY, WILLIAM HoPsoN.

